The main topics of U.S. foreign and security policy research publications in the XXI century were related to terrorism (Al-Qaeda), Muslim countries as a challenge to Western expansion, rising powers rivalry with the West, Russian challenge oriented New Cold War, Chinese superpower status in economics, North Korean nuclear and ballistic tests, Iranian nuclear and ballistic programs, war in Iraq and Syria. Notably, after the bipolar Cold War rivalry the U.S. was following neoconservative visions of benevolent hegemony, that is (Robert Kagan and William Kristol) a strict leadership linking military preponderance with a spread of democratic ideals, all together with economic expansion and new enlarged system of alliances, and - last but not least - self-granted privilege to intervene militarily in other countries (hegemonic unilateralism). The latter vision reached its apogee under George Walker Bush, who expanded Monroe doctrine worldwide. The failures of U.S. occupation of Iraq in terms of security level degraded United States-based world system to a political and legal controversy. With the rise of newly refurbished empires, Russia and China, as well as global ambitions of the EU, world system was heading towards new polycentrism, and the New Cold War.
- Nauczyciel: Grzegorz Nycz